高铁对中原城市群流空间网络结构的影响分析

以中原城市群为研究对象,运用城市间铁路客运联系数据和社会网络分析、空间结构指数等,从流空间的角度研究高铁对城市网络空间结构产生的影响.结果显示:①高铁发展对中原城市群交通联系的方向、对象改变不大,但显著地增加了交通联系的强度,使中原城市群网络密度在低水平基础上得到增加.②铁路客运优势城市或劣势城市仍延续其地位,如郑州、商丘、洛阳的相对关注度、相对点出度和相对点入度在无、有高铁两种情况下都始终保持前三名,济源、运城、濮阳则始终是后三名.但其余城市从高铁发展中受益不均衡,高铁发展加剧了流空间网络中城市地位的差异性.③高铁发展对流空间网络的总体结构产生影响,使得中原城市群单极化程度有所降低.但影响程度有限,区域空间结构仍呈现单极化,郑州扮演着"极"的作用.     

基于分治思想的空间三角面对快速相交检测算法

空间三角面对相交是计算机图形中的基础问题,相关检测算法已广泛研究.现有算法中着重异面时的相交检测,对共面情况研究相对较少,而在空间三角面对相交问题中共面、异面各种情况均较常见,共面相交检测会影响整个相交检测问题的效率和准确性,此外如何高效应用不同情况的检测算法的研究也较少.基于分治思想,考虑空间三角面对检测的各类情况及算法的实用性,将问题分为不相交快速排斥、共面相交检测和异面相交检测3类情况,通过优化算法流程来提高算法效率.实验结果表明,在共面和异面2种情况下,本文算法的计算效率均优于参考算法.     

Enhancing momentum investment strategy using leverage

Previous studies examine investment strategies based on leverage and momentum; none investigates both variables jointly as an investment strategy. This paper is the first incorporating leverage and momentum together. We show that low past returns (losers) forecast future negative abnormal returns only among stocks with high leverage levels, but not among stocks with low leverage levels. However, high past returns (winners) forecast future positive abnormal returns independently of leverage level. As a result, the negative relation between leverage and future abnormal returns is only observed among loser stocks, and the positive relation between past returns and future abnormal returns is only shown among non‐low leverage stocks. Our results are important in achieving better investment strategies: buying winners' stocks (independently of their level of leverage) and short‐selling losers' stocks with high leverage yield higher abnormal returns than strategies based on only one of these variables. Our two‐dimensional strategy yields risk‐adjusted abnormal returns of 15.66% per annum, whereas the single leverage or momentum strategies yield 7.70% and 7.96% per annum, respectively. The difference is nearly 8% and economically significant. If leverage is considered as proxy for default risk, our results, contrary to previous evidence, show that momentum profits are not exclusive of default stocks, and that momentum returns are not only driven by negative returns yielded by distress stocks.     

Parasite community of the golden cownose ray Rhinoptera steindachneri Evermann and Jenkins 1891 (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatidae), in Acapulco Bay,Guerrero, Mexico

The parasite community of the ray Rhinoptera steindachneri from Acapulco Bay was examined and quantified; analyses were based on the sex of the host and the date of sampling. A total of 171 specimens of R. steindachneri were examined during July–August of 2010, and May and July of 2012. Twenty-one species of parasites were found: three species of Monogenea; eight adult and one larval species of Cestoda; one larval species of Nematoda; five species of Copepoda; two species of Isopoda; and one species of Hirudinea. Cestodes had the greatest species richness (43% of the total species), followed by the copepods (24%). Two species of cestode, Glyphobothrium sp. and Rhinebothrium sp., were collected only from adult rays. At the component community level, species richness showed statistically significant variation between 13 and 16 species, which is similar to previous reports for other species of rays. The parasite component communities and infracommunities of R. steindachneri exhibited similar patterns: high species number and low numerical dominance by a particular species of parasite. The differences of body size of male vs. female rays, and a change in diet and feeding behaviour with the age of R. steindachneri, are likely important factors in the structuring of their parasite communities.     

Invertebrate communities,sediment parameters and food availability of intertidal soft-sediment ecosystems on the north coast of British Columbia,Canada

ABSTRACT

The Skeena River estuary supports commercial and culturally important salmon fisheries. However, considerable development has occurred in the area, and more has been proposed. If anthropogenic development degrades this critical habitat, the Skeena salmon run, that every year contributes $110 million to local economies, may be negatively impacted. Benthic invertebrates are common indicator species, as they often respond to disturbances before commercial species, warning of potential impacts. Unfortunately, invertebrates in the Skeena estuary have not been extensively studied, and we lack the detailed understanding of their community structure and dynamics for them to serve as indicator species in this region. Therefore, present conditions of the Skeena estuary are established here (invertebrate community, sediment conditions and food availability), in order to provide the data required both to anticipate changes associated with potential anthropogenic disturbances and to detect changes in this system if development occurs.     

有机物种类对恒电位电解法测定COD值准确性的影响

以β-PbO2/石墨电极为工作电极,在支持电解溶液中加入一定量待测有机物,在低于析氧电位下进行恒电位电解时,因电极表面吸附态羟基自由基的消耗速率受电解质溶液中有机物分子向电极表面的扩散过程控制,表现为阳极电流强度的增加值(ΔI)与有机物质量浓度ρ之间呈线性关系。本文研究了多种待测有机物的ΔI与ρ的线性关系,发现由于有机物种类不同造成羟基自由基消耗速率不同,因而线性比例系数有所不同。实验结果表明在测定混合水样的化学需氧量(COD)值时,应采用与待测水样具有相似有机物混合比例的标准溶液制作工作曲线,以减少测量误差。     

三相异步电动机三种起动方式的比较研究

研究了三相异步电动机直接起动、定子串电阻起动以及软起动三种起动方式的工作原理,从理论上分析了它们各自起动电流和转速的工作特性,接着在MATLAB/SIMULINK中对这三种起动方式进行了建模与仿真.最后通过对仿真结果的比较分析可知,相比较直接起动和定子串电阻起动方式,软起动能够明显减小起动电流,而且在转速方面,软起动使转速变化更加平缓.